Steam-generator



(No Model.) 5 sheets-sheet 1. H. HYDE. STEAM GENERATOR. No. 497,881. Patented May 23,1893.

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ATTO N EY.

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l N V E N T0 R WITNESSES:

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. HYDE. STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 497,881. Patented May'ZS, 1893.

MNHN i* 4 y e WITNESSES: INVENTOR d 2% 7 @2-pa@ we cams Urns co. Pnovoumm wAswmum, o zz.

(No Model.) A 5 Sheets-Sheet 3. H. HYDE.

STEAM GENERATOR. No. 497,881. Patented May 23, 1893.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR m RNEYS,

(No Model.) 5 sheetssheet 4.

H. HYDE.' STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 497,881. Patented May 23, '1893.

WESSES: INVENTO f f w ATTOREY-S.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

H. HYDE. STEAMGENERATOR.

Patented May 23, 1893. 07

ATTORNEYS.

WITNESSES:

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flatten STATESl HAMPDEN HYDE, OF ROCHESTER, NEV 'YORIL PATENT OFFICE.

STEAM-G EN ERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 497,881, dated May 23, 1893.

Application tiled March 2l, 1892. Se1ialN0.4Z5,69'7 (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern/ Be it known that I, HAMPDEN HYDE, of Rochestenin the county of Monroe, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improved steam generator, and has for its object the production of a simple, durable, and highly efcient construction, which produces a maximum degree of steam with a minimum amount of fuel, and is readily and thoroughly cleaned from sediment or quickly repaired without the exercise of great skill or the necessity of special fittings.

To this end the invention consists, essentially, in a rectangular water containing base or shell, a steam drum arranged above the base between the sides thereof, and extending from front to rear of the generator,down iiow pipes between opposite ends of the drum and the front and rear pipes of the base, and in the detail construction and arrangementofV the parts, all as hereinafter more particularly described and pointed out in the claims.

In describing this invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which like letters indicate corresponding parts in all the views. i

Figures l and 2 are respectively front and side elevations of my improved generator, the outer casing being shown in section for illustrating the general construction and arrangement of the internal parts. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view, taken on line -3-3-, Fig. 2, representing particularly the construction and arrangement of the main generating pipes having coils extending above the combustion chamber, and the front end generating pipes having coils extending laterally from the downflow pipes. Fig. 4 is a similar transverse vertical sectional view, taken on line -4Ll, Fig. 3, for clearly illustrating the generating pipes at the rear side of the combustion chamber. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the detached water containing base and the connecting pipes between the mud pockets, portions of the front and rear y pipes of the base being broken away. Fig. 6

is a longitudinal vertical sectional View of the detached steam drum and the upper portion of the downflow pipes, and Fig. 7 is an end elevation of a modified form of my invention having two steam drums instead of one.

It is well known that at present great difficulty is experienced in repairing steam generators, owing to the use' in their construction of special fittings usually procurable only at the manufacturers place of business or agency. It is also well known that it is extremely desirable to make a boiler as low down efficient and simple as possible for rendering it capable of practical use in steam vessels, launches, dac., and to present to the outgoing products of combustion the greatest possible amount of heating surface and prevent to the greatest possible extent the radiation of heat from the boiler shell.

Myinventionis designedtomeettheaboverequirements,possesses but few special iittings, is readily assembled or repaired by an ordinary unskilled laborer, and is provided with feed water heating and super-heating coils so arranged as to derive the greatest possible efticiency from the outgoing products of combustion. Each heating coil is independently removable, the pipes composing the base are strongly secured and tied together for permitting shipment without undue strain,the mud is permitted to settle at the quietest portions of the heater, and may be withdrawn from two or more pockets simultaneously, and radiation of heat is prevented from the ends of the boiler by generating coils arranged at the end of the combustion chamber. The watercontaining base -A- is preferably rect-angular, and composed of the front and rear pipes -a-a, the side pipes -a2-a3`- and Ts a4- Beneath the side pipes --a2 mCL3-of the base -A- are supporting bars -BB having their outer faces provided with inwardly extending slots or grooves -b-b-. These bars -B-B- are preferably composed of angle iron, and are secured firmly to the Water containing base -A- by bolts or screws -C- having their shanks -cengaged with the adjacent faces -wasof depending hubs -aG- formed upon the elbows -a'land their heads -cbearing against the top wall of the grooves -b-. This rectangular IOO form of base is very rigid and strong, although capable of expansion and contraction, and the bars -B-B- form a practical and etticient support for said base, which may be placed on skids or rollers in moving the generator to its desired location.

The steam drum -D--, best seen at Figs. l, 2, 3, 4, and 6, is arranged centrally between the side pipes CL2-@L3 extends from front to rear of the generator, and is supported by downtlow pipes -E having their lower ends discharging into the central portion of the front and rear pipes -ct-aand their upper ends opening from the lower portion of the front and rear heads -d-dof the drum D-.

As it sometimes may be desirable to inspect the steam drum I provide the upper ends of the downow pipes -E-E`- with removable plugs -e-e-, but it will be evident that, if desired, the downtlow pipes may be unprovided with such plugs.

It is very desirable to provide a steam generator with mud pockets for the accumulation of sediment, and to so arrange these mud pockets that the greatest possible amount of sediment is deposited therein and readily removed. ln my invention the mnd pockets consist of depressed seats -ct-tt-a-aat the base of the elbows -ct4-, which, as is evident upon an inspection ot the drawings, are arranged at one side ot' the downow pipes -E-, and at the extreme ends of the side pipes -a2-ct3. A righthand pipe -aland a left-hand pipe -a8 are connected by branches -afto the corresponding pockets -aat opposite ends ot the adjacent side pipes, and by branches 0010- awtothe central portion of the adjacent side pipes -az-asfor removing any sediment deposited within the pockets -aby the constantly passing circulation of water or carried beyond any one of the pockets within one of said side pipes and deposited in the central portion thereof when met by the opposing current entering from the opposite end of said pipe. These pipes -aL- and -asare each provided at their outer ends with valves -auleading to the respective discharge pipes -a12-a12, whereby the sediment is drawn simultaneously by a single connection from two of the mud pockets and from the central portion of theadjacent side pipe. This is an essential feature of my invention, and adds greatly to its practicability, as the sediment is deposited with great certainty at the most quiet portion of the Watercontaining base, andis withdrawn simultaneously from several points of the base without materially lessening the height of the water within the generator.

The generating pipes -Ff interposed between the water-containing base -A and the steam drum -D- are of desirable construction aud arrangement; the preferable form being indicated in the exemplication of my invention illustrated in the drawings.

The pipe illustrated consists ot' the upright leg -fat the outer side of the combustion chamber -G-, substantially horizontal coils *fextending laterally above the combustion chamber -G, and the diagonally extending outlet end -f2- discharging into one side ot the drum -D-. It will be particularly noted, upon reference to the drawings, that the outer ends of the generating coils extend beyond the legs -fto the 'outer casing -A- for shutting oft" the upward passage of the products of combustion along the sides ot said casing, and thus further utilizing the products of combustionand increasing the ei'iciency of my generator.

The pipes F- opening from one side of the frame -A- are arranged alternately with the pipes opening from the other side in order that their generating coils may be lapped one with the other, and the ends `2- of the pipes extending from one side of the base -A- discharge into one side of the drum -D .at points at one side of a perpendicular to the points where the corresponding ends ot' the adjacent opposite pipes discharge into the opposite side of the drum.

As clearly shown in the drawings the generating pipes -F- extend only from the side pipes az--dof the water-containing base A-, and, as the drum -D- is necessarily somewhat shorter than the water-containing base -A-, considerable efficiency is lost it' the generating pipes, just described, are the only ones used, since no pipes or coils are then TOO arranged on opposite sides of the downiiow y,

pipes, and more or less heat is transmitted to the front and rear ends of the outer shell AL-of the generator. To obviate this undesirable result the pipes -H-H are arranged at the front of the generator, and are formed with lapping generating coils 7L- y hhaving their' corresponding arms #-712- h3 staggered or arranged in alternate horizontal planes for preventing the ready escape of the gases or products of combustion between said coils to the shellv -A-. The respective bases h4- and -h5- of the pipes -H- and -H- open respectively from the `front downtlow pipe E and the front elbows -Ct4- and the upper ends -hthereof discharge into the front end of the drum -D-.

The pipes H2- and H3-f are arranged at the rear side of the generator, and are formed with lapping coils H4- and -H- staggteI-,ed in the same manner as the coils z- 1.

The respective bases -I16. and H7- of the pipes "-H2 and 113- open from the extreme lower end ot' the rear downlow pipes -E, and the upper extremity of the rear elbows -a4-, and the upper ends -h8- of said pipes discharge into the rear end of the drum -D-. It will be noted, however, that the generating coils -Htand -H5 of the rear generating pipes -II2- and -HS- start from a point in close proximity to the adja- IIO cent pipe waof the water-containingbase ,-A-, and that considerable space intervenes between the front pipe a and the lowest coil of the front generating pipes HH- so as to permit the inlet of fuelto the combustion chamber -G-. This peculiar arrangement of the ends -w 2 of the main generating coils -F- and the construction and arrangement of the end generating pipes -H-H-H2 and H3 form an essential feature of my invention and add greatly to its practicability. It is evident,

, sired. Moreover the rear end generating coils may be separated from the rear cross pipe -a-so as to permitthe generator to be fired from both ends if desired.

The steam drum -D- is of suitable size with reference to the area of the generating pipes to permit of ready separation of the steam from the hot water discharged thereinto by said generating pipes, and, at the upper end of the drum, is a partition D--, which is suitably secured thereto as by rivets -CZ2-, and is formed of less lengt-h than the inside length of the drum in order that the liberated ,steam may pass from the ends of the drum to the upper side of the partition -D'-. As this drum is of considerable size I prefer to tie the heads rZ-cZ-- together, and for this purpose use one or more hollow tie bars or bolts -Diiformed with open eX- tremities -D3 whereby, should the bolt be fractured or become corroded so as to permit the passage of steam to its inside chamber D4-1 the attendant is at once notiiied of the fact by the escape ot steam, and the operation of the generator checked until the bolt is repaired.

The steam is withdrawn from upper portion of the drum -D- by a pair of steam pipes -I-I- having their inner extremities -1,'t"- arranged above the partition -D- and formed with closed ends -2 and peripheral perforatious -z'3. These pipes -I-I- are formed with the laterally extending arms -I2-13, depending extremities -I4--I5-, and the respective super-heating coils -I and -I7-, which are arranged directly above the generating coils on opposite sides of the steam drum --D-, and are formed with upturned ends -lsw connected together by a pipe -IL- from which extends the steam supply pipe -Iwfor conducting the steam to the desired locality.

-J- represents the feed water heater, which consists of the conducting pipe and the coils jl-f2, which extend from the branches -j3--j4- of the pipe -jand are arranged on opposite sides of the drum -D- directly above the super-heating coils "IG-Ilwith their ends j5 discharging into the lower portion of the opposite extremities of the drum -D-. The front and rear ends of the feed water heating coils "'-jZ- extend above the end generating pipes -H-*H-Hzand -II3- beyond the super-heater coils IG-IT- into close proximity to the adjacent inner sides of the front and rear walls of the outer shell -A-. This arrangement of generating coils -f-, super-heating coils -lG-lfand feed water heating coils -j'-j2- is very practical, and enables the greatest possible utilization of the heat in the escaping products of combustion for super-heating the steam and raising the temperature of the incoming feed water. The outer case -A'-, previously mentioned, is of any desirable form, size, and construction, and is provided with an exit A3- for the products of combustion.

My improved invention is preferably provided with any suitable construction of water gage K-, which as shown by dotted lines at Fig. l, is connected b vpipes 7o-kto a head -K having one end suitably connected by a pipe -7f;2- to the upper portion of the steam drum. The lower end of the head is connected bya pipe-7e3- to a pipe Ztl-1 Figs. l and 5, extending through the left hand front elbow-a4 and longitudinally within the pipe -a3- so as to prevent to the utmost the cirulation from varying the level of the water in the gage -K-.

It will be noted that the downiow pipes are within the vertical planes of the sides of the drum, and that consequently they form a strong and rigid support therefor.

At Fig. 7 I have shown a modied form of my invention, provided with two steam drums -L-L- connected together by a pipe -L2- and supported at their corresponding ends by the separate upright pipes -L3- and L4- secured to the wate1containing base -A. The end generating pipes -L5- are in this case interposed between the downfiow pipes -LB-L4, and I have shown these pipes as provided With coils -Z-Z- extending but part way across the space interposed between the downiiow pipes. Suitable end heating coils may be arranged at the outside of the down flow pipes -L3-L4-, and any desirable form of main generating pipes may be used with this modified construction of heater, but I have thought it unnecessary to illustrate said end or main generating pipes.

My invention may also be used for a hot Water heater, and it is evident that the parts are simple and readily assembledythat its construction is strong and practical, and its operation highly efficient, and its circulation positive and rapid.

The operation of my invention will be readily perceived from the foregoing description IOO IIO

and upon reference to the drawings, and itis evident that considerable change may be made in the detail construction and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus f ull \,7 described. my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a steam generator, the combination of a-water-containing base composed of the conftinuous pipes -a -a a2- and -oarranged in a rectangle with their adjacent ends connectedY together, whereby the base is strongly braced and permits a circulation therethrough, a steam drum arranged above the base between two opposite side pipes thereof, and a downow pipe opening from each end of the central steam drum and discharging into the adjacent side pipe of the base, said downiiow pipe being arranged with,- in the vertical planes of the sides of the drum for iirmly supporting said drum, substantially as described.

2. In a steam generator, the combination of awater-containing base composed of the continuous pipes -aa -aL- and -asarranged in a rectangle with their adjacent ends connected together, whereby the base is strongly braced and permits a circulation therethrough, a steam drum arranged above the base between two opposite side pipes thereof, a downflow pipe opening from each end of the central steam drum and discharging into the adjacent side pipe of the base, said downflow pipe being arranged within the vertical planes of the 'sides of the drum for iirmly supporting said drum,and aremovable plug in the upper end of one of the downfiow pipes for permitting inspection of the steam, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a steam generator, the combination of a water containing base, a steam drum arranged above the base and extending from front to rear of the generator, downiiow pipes between the opposite ends of the drum and the base, and a generating pipe opening from the downtlow pipe and discharging into the steam drum, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a steam generator, the combination of a water containing base, a steam drum a"- ranged above the base between the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downiiow pipes between the opposite ends of the drum and the base, and a generating pipe opening from the corner of the base and discharging into the steamdrum, substantially as set forth. n

5. In a steam generator, the combination of a water containing base, a steam drum arranged rabove the base between the sides thereof and extendingV from front to rear of.

ner of the base and discharging into the steam drum, substantially as set forth.

6. In a steam generator, the combination of a water containing base, a steam drum arranged above the base between the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downtlow pipes between the opposite ends of the drum and the base, a generating pipe opening from the downliow pipe and formed with substantially horizontal U-shaped coils, and a second generating pipe opening from the base and formed of substantially U-shaped coils lapping with the former coils, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a steam generator, the combination of a water containing base, a central steam drum extending from front to rearof the generator, a downfiow pipe opening from each end of the central steam drum and discharging into the adjacent side of the base, a generating pipe opening from the downtlow pipe and discharging into the steam drum and formed with substantially horizontal U-shaped coils, a second generating pipe opening from the corner of the base and discharging into the steam drum and formed with substantially horizontal U-shaped coils lapping with the former coils and having their arms staggered with respect to the corresponding arms of the former coils, substantially as specified.

S. In a steam generator, the combination of a water containing base and a combustion chamber above the base; with a steam drum arranged above the base between the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downfiow pipes between the opposite ends of the drum and the base, generating pipes having projecting coils extending above the combustion chamber, and generating pipes having coils arranged at the end of the combustion chamber, substantially as described.

9. In a steam generator, the combination of a water containing base and a combustion chamber above the base; with a steam drum arranged above the base between the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downiiow pipes between the opposite ends of the drum and the base, generating pipes having projecting coils extending above the combustion chamber, generating pipes having coils arranged at the rear end of the combustion chamber, and a generating pipe at the front end of the generator having coils extending laterally beyond the side of the downow pipe, substantially as specified.

IO. The combination with a water-contain ing base of a generator; of a supporting bar arranged beneath the base and provided with a slot extending inwardly from its side, and a bolt or screw having one end engaged with the water-containing base and the other arranged within said slot, substantially as set forth.

1l. In a generator, the combination of a rectangular base, bars arranged beneath the IOO side pipes of said base and formed with inwardly extending slots or cut-outs in their outer side faces, and bolts or screws having their head engaged with the upper wall of said slot and their shank with the adjacent surface of the elbows of said base, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. In a steam generator, the combination of a water containing base, a steam drum arranged above the base beneath the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downflow pipes between the opposite ends of the drum and the base, generating pipes opening from the water-containing base and discharging into one side of the steam drum and provided with coils extending laterally above the combustion chamber, a second generating pipe arranged at one side of the vertical plane of the former pipe opening from the water-containing base and discharging into the opposite side of the drum at a point at one side of the vertical piane of the corresponding end of the former pipe and provided with coils lapping with the former coils, substantially as specied.

13. In a steam generator, the combination of a water-containing base, a steam drum connccted to the water-containing base, a continuous partition of less length than the distance between the inner faces of the heads of said drum arranged longitudinally within the drum with one of its ends separated from the inner face of the adjacent head, and a steam outlet pipe for the drum having its opening for receiving the steam arranged above said partition and between the extremities of said partition, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

14. In a steam generator, the combination of a rectangular base, a steam drum arranged above the base between the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downfiow pipes betweenthe opposite ends of the drum and the front and rear pipes of the base and arranged within the vertical planes of the sides of the drum, a continuous partition of less length than the distance between the inner faces of the heads of said drum ar ranged longitudinally within the drum with one of its ends separated from the inner face of the adjacent head, and a steam outlet pipe for the drum having its opening for receiving the steam arranged above said partition and between the extremities of said partition, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

15. In a steam generator, the combination of a rectangular base, a steam drum arranged above the base between the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downliow pipes between the opposite ends of the drum and the front and rear pipes of the base and arranged within the vertical planes of the sides of the drum, a continuous partition of less length than the distance between the inner faces of the heads of said drum arranged longitudinally within the drum with its opposite ends separated from the inner steam, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

16. In a steam generator, the combination of a water-con`taining base, a steam drum connected to the water containing base, a partition arranged longitudinally within the steam drum, and a pair of steam outlet pipes extending inwardly from the ends of the drum and formed with closed ends and peripheral openings at their inner extremities, substanti-ally as specified.

17. In a steam generator, the combination of a water-containing base, a steam drum arranged above the base between the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downfiow pipes between the opposite ends of the drum and the base; up- Iiow pipes having generating coils, feed water heating coils arranged at opposite sides of the steam drum above the generating coils, and superheating coils interposed between the genereating and feed water heating coils, substantially as specified.

18. In a steam generator, the combination of a water-containing base composed of the continuous pipes-a-a-a2 and wa3- arranged in a rectangle with their adjacent ends connected together, whereby the base is strongly braced and permits a circulation therethrough, a steam drum arranged above the base between two opposite side pipes thereof, a downfiow pipe opening from each end of the central steam drum and discharging into the adjacent side pipe of the base, said down flow pipe being arranged within the vertical planes of the sides of the drum for firmly supporting said drum, upflow pipes having generating coils extending laterally across the fire, feed-water heating coils arranged above the generating coils, and superheating coils connected to the drum and interposed between the generating and the feed water heating coils, substantially as and for the purpose described.

19. In a steam generator, the combination of a water-containing base, a steam drum arranged above the base between the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downfiow pipes between the opposite ends of the drumand the base, main generating pipes having coils extending laterally above the combustion chamber auxiliary generating pipes having coils arranged at the ends of the combustion chamber, and feed water heating coils above the main generating coils having their ends extending above the auxiliary generating coil, substantially as described.

20. In a steam generator, the combination of a water-containing base, a steam drum arranged above the base between the sides thereof and extending from front to rear of the generator, downflow pipes between .the

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Vopposite ends of the drum and the base, main generating pipes having coils extending laterally above the combustion chamber and feed water heating coilsl above the main generating coils having their ends extending beyond the vertical plane of the outermost gen,- erating coil, and end generating coils beneath the projecting ends of the feed water heating coils connected to the water-containing base and to the steam drum, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2l. In a steam generator, the combination of a water-containing base, a steam drum, downtlow pipes between the base and the steam drum, a pair of mud pockets arranged at one side of the downow pipes, and a l connecting pipe between said mud pockets 23. Ina steam generatonthe Combination of aiwater-containing base composed of angularly arranged pipes connected together, a steam drum arranged above the basebetween the side pipes thereof, uprightdowntlow pipes between the opposite.. ends of they drum and the end pipes of the base, and a mud pocket extending downwardly from the bottom wall of one of the side pipes of the base in a vertical plane at oneside of the vertical plane of the adjacent downow pipe,rsubstantially as and for the purpose described.

24. In a steam generator, the combination of a water-containing base and a steam drum connected to the base; with a pipe extending longitudinally within one of the base pipes, and a water gage connected to said pipe and to the steam drum, substantially as specified.

sys

In testimony whereof I have hereuntosigned my name, in the p resence of two attesting witnesses, at Rochester, in the county of Monroe, in the State of New York, this 7th day of February, 1892.

IIAMPDEN HYDE.

Witnesses:

J. B. EDMoNDs, A. E. LYKE. 

